1. Which information is needed to
create a virtual private cloud (VPC)?
- The group of subnets that the
VPC will reside in.
- The Availability Zone that
the VPC will reside in.
- The subnet that the VPC will
reside in.
- The AWS Region that the VPC
will reside in.
2. Which of the following can a route
table be attached to?
- AWS Accounts
- Availability Zone
- Subnets
- Regions
3. A company wants to allow resources
in a public subnet to communicate with the internet. Which of the following
must the company do to meet this requirement?
- Create a route to a private
subnet
- Attach an internet gateway to
their VPC
- Create a route in a route
table to the internet gateway
- A and B
- B and C
4. What is the compute as a service
(CaaS) model?
- The CaaS model requires that users purchase
virtual machines and manually provision servers to run a workload.
- The CaaS model offers
computing resources (such as virtual machines that run on servers in data
centers) on demand, by using virtual services.
- The CaaS model offers large
discounts for computing resources. However, users must run the workload
from the server that is stored on-premises.
- The CaaS model delivers
cloud-based applications to users across the globe, over the internet.
Explanation: CaaS, which stands for
"compute as a service," is a paradigm of cloud computing that enables
users to get access to computing resources on demand via the use of the
internet. In this paradigm, customers are able to acquire and operate computing
infrastructure, which includes virtualized servers, storage, and networking
components, without having to make an investment in or maintain actual
hardware.
Within the
realm of cloud computing, the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) category
includes CaaS as one of its subcategories. Users are able to adjust the amount
of computing resources they have available to them according to the demand, and
they only pay for the resources that they really utilize. The adaptability of
this paradigm, as well as its capacity to rapidly provide and manage computing
resources in a way that is both efficient and economical, are its defining
characteristics.
5. Which statement about the default
settings of a security group is TRUE?
- Allows all inbound traffic
and blocks all outbound traffic by default.
- Blocks all inbound traffic
and allows all outbound traffic by default.
- Allows all inbound and
outbound traffic by default.
- Blocks all inbound and
outbound traffic by default.
6. What does an Amazon Elastic
Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance type indicate?
- Instance placement and
instance size
- Instance tenancy and instance
billing
- Instance family and instance
size
- Instance Amazon Machine Image
(AMI) and networking speed
Explanation: An
instance type of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) provides information
on the virtual hardware characteristics of the EC2 instance. The features of
the virtual server that you are deploying in the Amazon Web Services cloud are
defined by this information.
7. What is the relationship between
Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
instances?
- When launching an EC2
instance, the first setting that users configure is the operating system
(OS) that they want. Then, they select an AMI and manually install the OS,
drives, and installation wizard.
- The AMI is a virtual server
that hosts a workload, but the EC2 instance is a template that models and
defines an instance. One advantage of using EC2 instances is that they are
reusable.
- An AMI is a template that
contains the software that is required to launch an instance. EC2
instances are live instantiations of what is defined in an AMI, much like
a cake is a live instantiation of a cake recipe.
- An AMI is a collection of unique EC2 instances.
Each time users create an EC2 instance, they must set up a new AMI
template for their instance.
8. What is the difference between
using AWS Fargate or Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) as the compute
platform for Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS)?
- With AWS Fargate, users need
to manage cluster capacity and scaling.
- With Amazon ECS on Amazon
EC2, AWS manages and provisions the underlying EC2 instance for
containers.
- With AWS Fargate, AWS manages
and provisions the underlying infrastructure for hosting containers.
- With Amazon ECS on Amazon
EC2, users need to upload only the source code. Amazon ECS takes care of
the rest.
9. Which statement about serverless
is TRUE?
- Users must manually scale
serverless resources.
- Users do not pay for idle
resources.
- Users must provision and
manage servers.
- Users must manage
availability and fault tolerance.
Explanation: Developers are able to concentrate on developing code
for their applications while using a serverless architecture since they are not
required to maintain the underlying infrastructure, which includes servers and
scalability. As a result of the cloud provider's ability to manage scalability,
execution, and maintenance of the apps automatically, developers are free to
focus on developing features and functionality. In the context of cloud
computing, the term "serverless" does not suggest that there are no
servers involved; rather, it indicates that the responsibility for server
maintenance is transferred to the cloud provider, and that developers are paid
based on actual use rather than allocations of capacity.
10. True or False: AWS Lambda is
always the best solution when running applications on AWS.
- True
- False
Explanation: It is not always the optimal
answer for every application or use case, despite the fact that AWS Lambda is a
powerful serverless computing tool that is supplied by AWS. There are a number
of criteria that determine whether or not AWS Lambda is suitable for an
application. These include the nature of the program, its architecture, and the
unique needs.
AWS Lambda is
an excellent choice for functions that are event-driven, have a short runtime,
and are stateless. The management of data processing, the response to events,
and the execution of tiny, separate functions are all good examples of jobs
that it excels at.
On the other
hand, regular EC2 instances or other alternatives offered by Amazon Web
Services can be better suitable for some applications that have certain needs.
The decision is influenced by a number of variables, including the complexity
of the program, the needs for resources, the amount of time required for
execution, and overall architectural considerations. AWS services each have
their own set of advantages, and the most suitable option is determined by the
particular requirements of the application.
11. Which compute service does Amazon
Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) provide?
- Container services
- Serverless
- Virtual machines (VMs)
- Analytics
Explanation: Elastic Compute Cloud, sometimes known as Amazon EC2,
is a cloud-based computing platform that offers scalable computing power. On
demand, it gives customers the ability to run virtual servers, which are
referred to as instances. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) instances provide
users the ability to choose the kind of instance, the operating system, and the
applications that will run on this instance.
In its most basic form, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a web
service that offers scalable computing power in the cloud. This makes it
simpler for developers to expand and manage applications. Users have the
ability to create as many or as few virtual servers as they need, configure
themselves for networking and security, and manage their storage. One of the
most important services offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS), it serves as the
foundation for a wide variety of applications and workloads.
12. Which stage of the instance
lifecycle is an instance in when the account starts to accumulate charges?
- When an instance is in a
pending stage
- When an instance is in a
running stage
- When an instance is stopped
- When an instance is
terminated
13. Which component of the c5.4xlarge
instance determines the instance family and generation number?
- 4x
- Large
- 4xlarge
- c5
14. Which container runtime can be
used to host a container on an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
instance?
- Docker
- Container
- Amazon Simple Storage Service
(Amazon S3)
- Amazon EC2
Explanation: Docker is a well-known container
runtime that may be used to host containers on an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
(EC2) instance. Docker is often used. Docker is a platform that allows for the
development, distribution, and use of programs that are contained inside
containers. By enabling you to bundle a program together with its dependencies
into a container, it guarantees that the application will behave in the same
manner across all contexts.
When you have Docker installed on an EC2 instance, you can use it
to develop, deploy, and manage containers. This makes it much simpler to work
with containerized apps whenever you are using Amazon Web Services (AWS). In
addition, Amazon Web Services (AWS) offers services such as Amazon Elastic
Container Service (ECS) and Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS), which
streamline the process of orchestrating and managing containerized applications
in a way that is both scalable and efficient.
15. What is an example of an event
that invokes an AWS Lambda function?
- An AWS API call that is made
by an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) role
- An upload of a file to the
Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) source bucket
- An incoming HTTP request to a
website that is hosted on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
- A simple WordPress website
that has no API integration
Explanation: An AWS Lambda function may be
triggered or invoked by a number of different events. One such example is an
event that originates from an Amazon S3 bucket. It is possible for a Lambda
function to be triggered whenever an item is created, changed, or removed
inside the S3 bucket that has been provided.
As an example,
you may have a Lambda function that, whenever a new picture is uploaded to an
S3 bucket, automatically produces thumbnail images for the image. The Lambda
function is triggered by the S3 bucket event, which is the creation of an
object. The Lambda function then processes the newly created picture.
The following
are some more instances of events that might trigger the execution of AWS
Lambda functions: modifications to a DynamoDB database, modifications to an
Amazon Kinesis stream, modifications to an Amazon Simple Notification Service
(SNS) topic, and several other examples. The serverless and event-driven
architecture that Lambda functions provide is made possible by the fact that
they can react to a wide range of events that occur across a number of AWS
services.
16. True or False: With serverless,
users do not need to provision and manage servers.
- True
- False
Explanation: Indeed! The users of serverless
computing do not have to worry about the provisioning or management of servers.
As a result of the cloud provider taking care of the underlying infrastructure,
developers are free to concentrate entirely on building code for their apps. In
an architecture that does not need servers, the cloud provider is responsible
for handling operations such as the deployment, scaling, and maintenance of
servers automatically. Instead of paying for capacity that has been allotted,
users are invoiced based on the real amount of resources that they use. It is a
paradigm change that places an emphasis on event-driven and function-based
programming, which simplifies the process of developing and deploying
applications.
17. True or False: All AWS services
require users to configure a virtual private cloud (VPC).
- True
- False
Explanation: Users are not required to
construct a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in order to utilize all of the Amazon
Web Services (AWS) services, despite the fact that many of these services may
be used inside a VPC to improve network isolation and security.
Certain
services offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS), particularly those that pertain
to storage (for example, Amazon S3) and content delivery (for example, Amazon
CloudFront), are intended to be available via the internet without the need of
a virtual private cloud (VPC).
Nevertheless,
when it comes to services that include computational resources, such as Amazon
Elastic computational Cloud (EC2) or AWS Lambda, it is often advised that you
configure a virtual private cloud (VPC) in order to offer a network environment
that is both secure and separated for your applications.
Therefore, the
need of a virtual private cloud (VPC) is contingent upon the particular needs
of the service as well as the degree of network isolation that is required for
your applications.
18. An engineer is working with
networks in the AWS Cloud. What should the engineer use to configure the size
of their network?
- Classless Inter-Domain
Routing (CIDR) notation
- IPv6 notation
- IPv4 notation
- IP addresses
Explanation: On
Amazon Web Services (AWS), an engineer should make use of Amazon Virtual
Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) in order to set the size of a network. Users have
the ability to establish a virtual network in the AWS Cloud by using Amazon
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC), which includes private and public subnets, route
tables, and security groups.
19. What is the difference between
network access control lists (ACLs) and security groups?
- By default, network ACLs
allow incoming traffic and block outgoing traffic from a subnet. Users can
change these settings to provide an additional layer of security. However,
the default configurations of security groups block all traffic.
- By default, network ACLs
block all traffic from a subnet. However, the default configurations of
security groups allow all inbound and outbound traffic. Users can change
these settings to provide an additional layer of security.
- By default, network ACLs
block incoming traffic and allow outgoing traffic. The default
configurations of security groups block all traffic. Users can change
these settings when they configure networking for their instance.