1. A technique that’s used to route traffic to different
destinations, depending on factors like location, congestion, or link health,
is known as _____.
- unicast
- anycast
- multicast
- broadcast
Explanation: It is
common practice to refer to the method that you are referring to as "Load
Balancing." The process includes dividing network or application traffic
over numerous servers or pathways in order to guarantee optimum resource use,
avoid overloading of any one server or lane, and improve the overall
performance and dependability of the system.
2. A concept that involves iterating over a list of items
one by one in an orderly fashion is known as _______.
- round robin
- recursion
- authoritative lookup
- multiplexing
Explanation: What
you are expressing is a notion that is referred to as "Iteration." It
entails going through a list or collection in a methodical manner, looking at
each item in turn as you go through the list or collection. This method gives
you the ability to carry out actions or tasks on each element in a sequence,
such as going over each item in a list, array, or other data structure.
3. A _______ record is responsible for resolving an IP to a
domain name.
- CNAME
- PTR
- NTP
- TXT
Explanation: The
phrase that you are searching for is "Reverse DNS" or "PTR
(Pointer) record." According to the Domain Name System (DNS), this
particular form of record is the one that is accountable for translating an IP
address to a domain name. In contrast to the more usual "forward DNS"
method, which resolves domain names to IP addresses, this mechanism operates in
the other direction.
4. NAT stands for ______.
- National Academic Translation
- Networking Association Team
- Network Address
Translation
- Network Acknowledgement Track
Explanation: NAT is
an abbreviation that stands for "Network Address Translation." The
process of mapping numerous private IP addresses to a single public IP address
is a method that is used in the field of networking. This makes it possible for
devices on a local network that have private addresses that cannot be routed to
access resources on the Internet by utilizing a public IP address that is
shared by several devices.
5. When NAT hides the source IP of an originating device, this
is known as ________.
- port forwarding
- routing
- switching
- IP masquerading
Explanation: "Source
NAT" or "SNAT" (Source Network Address Translation) is the name
given to the process by which NAT conceals the source IP address of a device
that is the originator of the network. Before the data is sent to the external
network, the private IP address of the device that initiated the transmission
is changed to a public IP address via the use of SNAT. This contributes to the
protection of the confidentiality and safety of the internal configurations of
the network.
6. A company moves a popular website to a new web host. Which of
the following will change as a result?
- Internet Protocol (IP) address
- Network service
- Root name server
- Domain name
7. The “www” portion of a domain is known by which of the given
options? Check all that apply.
- Subdomain
- Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
- Top Level Domain (TLD) name
- Host name
Explanation: It is common practice to refer to the component of a domain
starting with "www" as the "subdomain." Typically, it is
used to signify that a certain domain is utilized for the purpose of providing
online content. It is an abbreviation that stands for "World Wide
Web." However, it is essential to keep in mind that not all websites use
"www" as their subdomain, and it is possible that certain websites
may be accessed without the usage of the "www" prefix.
8. Which of the following allows computers on a network to
automatically receive address assignment information?
- Primary gateway
- Dynamic Host Protocol (DHCP)
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- Time to Live (TTL)
Explanation: The
term "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol" (often abbreviated as
"DHCP") refers to the configuration function that enables computers
connected to a network to immediately receive information about address
assignment. The Dynamic Host setup Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol that
works to simplify the process of network setup for both administrators and
end-users. It does this by automatically assigning IP addresses and other
network configuration information to devices that are connected to a network.
9. Which technique is used with Network Address Translation
(NAT) where a source port chosen by a client is the same port used by a router?
- Preservation
- Forwarding
- Masquerading
- Translation
Explanation: PAT,
which stands for "Port Address Translation," is the term used to
describe the method that is used in Network Address Translation (NAT), in which
a source port that is selected by a client is the same port that is utilized by
a router. A sort of network address translation (NAT) known as PAT transfers
numerous private IP addresses to a single public IP address. However, in order
to differentiate between the connections, it makes use of distinct source
ports. Additionally, it is referred to as "NAT overload" due to the
fact that it causes the use of a single public IP address to be overloaded with
many private IP addresses and source port combinations.
10. What technology helps users get connected and stay secure?
- Virtual Private Network (VPN)
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
- Network Address Translation (NAT)
Explanation: The
Virtual Private Network (VPN) technology is a technology that assists people in
connecting to the internet while maintaining their privacy. By establishing a
connection that is both safe and encrypted over the internet, virtual private
networks (VPNs) enable users to access resources that are located on a private
network from a distant location. Considering that this technology guarantees
the secrecy and security of data, it is a well-liked option for working
remotely, maintaining online privacy, and ensuring secure communication across
public networks.
11. What port on a name server is used for User Datagram
Protocol (UDP) name request packets?
- 22
- 53
- 25
- 80
Explanation: Name
request packets for the Domain Name System (DNS) commonly utilize port 53.
These packets are sent using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). For both UDP and
TCP connections, the well-known port 53 is the one that is allocated to the
Domain Name System (DNS). When the return data size surpasses the maximum limit
that can be handled by UDP, the Domain Name System (DNS) employs Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP) instead of UDP for its usual query and response
operations.
12. A new Domain Name System (DNS) server is being configured.
Which record type is used to declare a new zone?
- Mail Exchanger (MX)
- Pointer (PTR)
- Name server (NS)
- Start of Authority (SOA)
Explanation: A
"Start of Authority" (SOA) record is often used by the DNS server in
order to proclaim a new zone inside the Domain Name System (DNS). Important
information about the domain or zone is included in the SOA record. This
information includes the primary authoritative DNS server for the zone, the
email address of the domain's administrator, the current version number of the
domain, and timers for a variety of DNS-related operations. In order to define
the criteria and attributes of a DNS zone, the SOA record is an extremely
important component.
13. Which of the following is NOT configured by a Dynamic Host
Protocol (DHCP) server?
- Subnet mask address
- Internet Protocol (IP) address
- Media Access Control (MAC) address
- Gateway address
Explanation: The
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server is the one that is
accountable for dynamically allocating Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and
supplying configuration information to devices that are connected to a network.
Nevertheless, it does not setup the Domain Name System (DNS) server or the DNS
server itself. In most cases, the information about the DNS server is setup
independently on the client devices. However, it is also possible for the
information to be delivered by other ways, such as manually defining DNS
settings or using DHCP options.
14. IANA has primarily been responsible with assigning address
blocks to five regional internet registries (RIR). A tech needs to research
address blocks assigned in the United States. Which RIR should the tech
contact?
- LACNIC
- APNIC
- ARIN
- RIPE
Explanation: ARIN,
which stands for the American Registry for Internet Numbers, should be
contacted by the technician. In the United States, they are the most reliable
source for handling address assignments.
15. What service acts on behalf of a client in order to access
another service?
- Virtual Private Network (VPN) Tunnel
- Proxy Server
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Explanation: An
API, which stands for application programming interface, is a kind of service
that takes the role of a middleman. It makes it easier for diverse software
systems to communicate and interact with one another, hence enabling them to
access the features of individual software systems.
16. When a client computer sends a request to a Domain Name
System (DNS) server, what type of packet is sent?
- SYN/ACK
- ACK
- TCP
- SYN
Explanation: A
Domain Name System (DNS) query packet is sent by a client computer whenever it
submits a request to a DNS server by way of the Internet. The client is
attempting to resolve the domain name into an IP address, and this packet
includes the domain name they need.
17. Administration and definition of TLDs are handled by a
non-profit organization known as _______.
- ICANN
- FQDN
- DHCP
- CNAME
Explanation: ICANN,
which stands for the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, is a
non-profit organization that is responsible for the administration and defining
of Top-Level Domains (TLDs).
18. VPN stands for _______
- Very Personal Network
- Virtual Private Network
- Virtual Public Network
- Virtual Proxy Network
19. A video conferencing application isn’t working due to a
Domain Name System (DNS) port error. Which record requires modification to fix
the issue?
- Canonical name (CNAME)
- Host (A)
- Text (TXT)
- Service record (SRV)
Explanation: It is
recommended that you review the SRV (Service) records in the event that a video
conferencing program is experiencing problems that are associated with DNS
ports. An SRV record contains information about the services that are offered,
such as the port number and the protocol that is being used. In order to fix
the DNS port problem, you need to make sure that the SRV records that are
linked with the video conferencing application are appropriately set.
20. Network Address Translation (NAT) is typically implemented
with which hardware devices? Check all that apply.
- Firewalls
- Hubs
- Routers
- Switches
21. A complete Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is limited to
how many characters?
- 63
- 255
- 53
- 127
Explanation: The
maximum number of characters that may be used in a Fully Qualified Domain Name
(FQDN) must be 253. This comprises the domain name as well as the dots that are
used to separate the labels that are included inside the domain. The
specifications for the Domain Name System (DNS) include this restriction as one
of its parameters.
22. During the name resolution process, which technique is used
to avoid congestion when querying a server?
- Redirect
- Hierarchy
- Lookup
- Anycast
Explanation: During
the process of name resolution, the practice of caching is used in order to
prevent congestion from occurring. The process of caching includes keeping
locally previously resolved DNS requests and the replies that correspond to
those queries. An initial check of the cache is performed by the local DNS
resolver whenever a client requests that a domain name be resolved. In the
event that the information is located, it is returned without the need to query
an external DNS server. This helps to reduce the amount of stress on the
network and moves the resolution process along more quickly.
23. DNS stands for _________.
- Do Not Signal
- Domain Name System
- Dynamic Name Server
- Diversified Nomenclature System
Explanation: The
acronym DNS refers to the Domain Name System.
24. Which type of Domain Name System (DNS) server performs a
full name resolution request?
- Authoritative name server
- Root name server
- Caching name server
- Recursive name server
Explanation: A
recursive DNS server is the kind of Domain Name System (DNS) server that is
responsible for resolving complete name resolution requests. It is the
responsibility of recursive DNS servers to provide comprehensive resolution of
domain names. They accomplish this by contacting other DNS servers in the
hierarchy until they acquire the definitive response. Within the context of the
DNS resolution process for client devices, they are of critical importance.
25. Network Address Translation (NAT) technology provides a
major benefit for which of these network problems?
- Address exhaustion
- Port Preservation
- Routable addresses
- Assigning Internet Protocol (IP) address blocks
Explanation: Within
the context of the problem of IPv4 address depletion, the technique known as
Network Address Translation (NAT) offers a significant advantage. NAT makes it
possible for numerous devices inside a local network to share a single public
IP address, which is useful given the limited number of IPv4 addresses that are
currently accessible. This helps to save IPv4 addresses and allows a more
effective use of the address space that is available, particularly in
situations when the number of devices exceeds the number of public IP addresses
that are accessible.
26. What benefits does the Domain Name System (DNS) provide?
Check all that apply.
- Assigning Internet Protocol (IP) addresses
- Easy mapping to a new Internet Protocol
(IP) address
- Network Address Translation (NAT)
- Ease of address memorization
27. What term defines keeping the address of one computer secret
from another?
- Rewriting
- Masquerading
- Translation
- Preservation
28. The Domain Name System (DNS) provides an easy way to
remember addresses. Without DNS, how many octets for an Internet Protocol (IP)
address would have to be memorized?
- 4
- 48
- 32
- 10101010
Explanation: Without Domain Name System (DNS), users would be required to commit to memory the whole binary form of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) addresses, which have 32 bits. In most cases, Internet Protocol version 4 addresses are written as four octets in decimal notation, with dots between each octet (for example, 192.168.0.1). Because each octet is equivalent to eight bits, the whole IPv4 address would consist of 32 bits. When compared to the human-readable decimal format that is made possible by DNS, knowing and dealing with the binary version of these addresses would be far less convenient and user-friendly.
